The store offers free shipping, and the customer pays nothing for delivery. The freight still exists. The duty still exists. The insurance, the clearance, the handling, and the inland delivery still exist. Free shipping is a pricing decision, not a cost decision, and the costs land somewhere. Usually they land in the product price, where the customer cannot see them and the seller cannot ignore them.
The true landed cost is the same formula as always: goods plus origin charges plus freight plus insurance plus duty and tariffs plus clearance and broker fees plus destination handling plus inland delivery. Free shipping changes none of it. It changes who sees the bill, and when.
The store that offers free shipping without knowing its landed cost is offering a discount it cannot measure. The margin looks fine on the product page and disappears in the shipment, because the freight was never in the price, it was in the shipping line that the customer no longer pays.
The freight is the biggest line in most landed costs, and it is the line that moves most. A quote is not an invoice, and the surcharges on the invoice are the difference between the freight the store budgeted and the freight it paid. Freight surcharges, line by line, are where the budget breaks.
The port fees follow the freight. Demurrage and detention eat margin when a container sits, and the free shipping offer does not pause the clock. The store that budgets the quote and pays the invoice is the store that loses money on free shipping.
Duty is assessed on the customs value, and the customs value is the transaction value, not the shipping offer. The customer who pays nothing for shipping does not change the value of the goods, and the duty is the same whether the shipping is free or not.
The additions to customs value still apply, and the importer who leaves them out of the model understates the cost on every unit, free shipping or not. The five additions importers miss in customs value are in the entry, and the entry is the record. The duty basis is the same, the MPF is the same, and the HMF is the same when the goods come by ocean.
The check is the per-unit landed cost against the product price, with the freight in the price. If the product price covers the full landed cost and the margin the store needs, free shipping pays. If it does not, the store is subsidizing every order, and the subsidy grows with volume.
The threshold is the honest version of free shipping: free above a spend that covers the freight, and paid below it. The customer who spends enough to cover the freight gets the shipping free, and the store that sets the threshold from the landed cost instead of the competition keeps the margin. The exchange rate date that matters is one more line to get right when the threshold is set in another currency.
No. The freight, duty, insurance, clearance, handling, and delivery still exist, and they land in the product price, where the customer cannot see them. Free shipping is a pricing decision, not a cost decision.
No. Duty is assessed on the customs value, which is the transaction value, not the shipping offer. The duty basis, the MPF, and the HMF are the same whether the shipping is free or not.
The freight itself, and the difference between the quote and the invoice. Surcharges, demurrage, and detention are the lines that eat the margin, and the free shipping offer does not pause the clock.
Compare the per-unit landed cost, with the freight in the price, against the product price and the margin you need. If the price covers the full landed cost, it pays. If it does not, set a free-shipping threshold from the landed cost instead.